tf.Tensor

View source on GitHub

A tf.Tensor represents a multidimensional array of elements.

tf.Tensor(
    op, value_index, dtype
)

All elements are of a single known data type.

When writing a TensorFlow program, the main object that is manipulated and passed around is the tf.Tensor.

A tf.Tensor has the following properties:

• a single data type (float32, int32, or string, for example)
• a shape

TensorFlow supports eager execution and graph execution. In eager execution, operations are evaluated immediately. In graph execution, a computational graph is constructed for later evaluation.

TensorFlow defaults to eager execution. In the example below, the matrix multiplication results are calculated immediately.

# Compute some values using a Tensor
c = tf.constant([[1.0, 2.0], [3.0, 4.0]])
d = tf.constant([[1.0, 1.0], [0.0, 1.0]])
e = tf.matmul(c, d)
print(e)
tf.Tensor(
[[1. 3.]
 [3. 7.]], shape=(2, 2), dtype=float32)

Note that during eager execution, you may discover your Tensors are actually of type EagerTensor. This is an internal detail, but it does give you access to a useful function, numpy:

type(e)
<class '...ops.EagerTensor'>
print(e.numpy())
  [[1. 3.]
   [3. 7.]]

In TensorFlow, tf.functions are a common way to define graph execution.

A Tensor's shape (that is, the rank of the Tensor and the size of each dimension) may not always be fully known. In tf.function definitions, the shape may only be partially known.

Most operations produce tensors of fully-known shapes if the shapes of their inputs are also fully known, but in some cases it's only possible to find the shape of a tensor at execution time.

A number of specialized tensors are available: see tf.Variable, tf.constant, tf.placeholder, tf.sparse.SparseTensor, and tf.RaggedTensor.

a = np.array([1, 2, 3])
b = tf.constant(a)
a[0] = 4
print(b)  # tf.Tensor([4 2 3], shape=(3,), dtype=int64)

For more on Tensors, see the guide.

t = tf.constant([1,2,3,4,5])
t.shape
TensorShape([5])

Methods

consumers

View source

consumers()

Returns a list of Operations that consume this tensor.

eval

View source

eval(
    feed_dict=None, session=None
)

Evaluates this tensor in a Session.

Calling this method will execute all preceding operations that produce the inputs needed for the operation that produces this tensor.

experimental_ref

View source

experimental_ref()

DEPRECATED FUNCTION

get_shape

View source

get_shape()

Returns a tf.TensorShape that represents the shape of this tensor.

In eager execution the shape is always fully-known.

a = tf.constant([[1.0, 2.0, 3.0], [4.0, 5.0, 6.0]])
print(a.shape)
(2, 3)

tf.Tensor.get_shape() is equivalent to tf.Tensor.shape.

When executing in a tf.function or building a model using tf.keras.Input, Tensor.shape may return a partial shape (including None for unknown dimensions). See tf.TensorShape for more details.

inputs = tf.keras.Input(shape = [10])
# Unknown batch size
print(inputs.shape)
(None, 10)

The shape is computed using shape inference functions that are registered for each tf.Operation.

The returned tf.TensorShape is determined at build time, without executing the underlying kernel. It is not a tf.Tensor. If you need a shape tensor, either convert the tf.TensorShape to a tf.constant, or use the tf.shape(tensor) function, which returns the tensor's shape at execution time.

This is useful for debugging and providing early errors. For example, when tracing a tf.function, no ops are being executed, shapes may be unknown (See the Concrete Functions Guide for details).

@tf.function
def my_matmul(a, b):
  result = a@b
  # the `print` executes during tracing.
  print("Result shape: ", result.shape)
  return result

The shape inference functions propagate shapes to the extent possible:

f = my_matmul.get_concrete_function(
  tf.TensorSpec([None,3]),
  tf.TensorSpec([3,5]))
Result shape: (None, 5)

Tracing may fail if a shape missmatch can be detected:

cf = my_matmul.get_concrete_function(
  tf.TensorSpec([None,3]),
  tf.TensorSpec([4,5]))
Traceback (most recent call last):

ValueError: Dimensions must be equal, but are 3 and 4 for 'matmul' (op:
'MatMul') with input shapes: [?,3], [4,5].

In some cases, the inferred shape may have unknown dimensions. If the caller has additional information about the values of these dimensions, tf.ensure_shape or Tensor.set_shape() can be used to augment the inferred shape.

@tf.function
def my_fun(a):
  a = tf.ensure_shape(a, [5, 5])
  # the `print` executes during tracing.
  print("Result shape: ", a.shape)
  return a

cf = my_fun.get_concrete_function(
  tf.TensorSpec([None, None]))
Result shape: (5, 5)

ref

View source

ref()

Returns a hashable reference object to this Tensor.

The primary use case for this API is to put tensors in a set/dictionary. We can't put tensors in a set/dictionary as tensor.__hash__() is no longer available starting Tensorflow 2.0.

The following will raise an exception starting 2.0

x = tf.constant(5)
y = tf.constant(10)
z = tf.constant(10)
tensor_set = {x, y, z}
Traceback (most recent call last):

TypeError: Tensor is unhashable. Instead, use tensor.ref() as the key.
tensor_dict = {x: 'five', y: 'ten'}
Traceback (most recent call last):

TypeError: Tensor is unhashable. Instead, use tensor.ref() as the key.

Instead, we can use tensor.ref().

tensor_set = {x.ref(), y.ref(), z.ref()}
x.ref() in tensor_set
True
tensor_dict = {x.ref(): 'five', y.ref(): 'ten', z.ref(): 'ten'}
tensor_dict[y.ref()]
'ten'

Also, the reference object provides .deref() function that returns the original Tensor.

x = tf.constant(5)
x.ref().deref()
<tf.Tensor: shape=(), dtype=int32, numpy=5>

set_shape

View source

set_shape(
    shape
)

Updates the shape of this tensor.

With eager execution this operates as a shape assertion. Here the shapes match:

t = tf.constant([[1,2,3]])
t.set_shape([1, 3])

Passing a None in the new shape allows any value for that axis:

t.set_shape([1,None])

An error is raised if an incompatible shape is passed.

t.set_shape([1,5])
Traceback (most recent call last):

ValueError: Tensor's shape (1, 3) is not compatible with supplied
shape [1, 5]

When executing in a tf.function, or building a model using tf.keras.Input, Tensor.set_shape will merge the given shape with the current shape of this tensor, and set the tensor's shape to the merged value (see tf.TensorShape.merge_with for details):

t = tf.keras.Input(shape=[None, None, 3])
print(t.shape)
(None, None, None, 3)

Dimensions set to None are not updated:

t.set_shape([None, 224, 224, None])
print(t.shape)
(None, 224, 224, 3)

The main use case for this is to provide additional shape information that cannot be inferred from the graph alone.

For example if you know all the images in a dataset have shape [28,28,3] you can set it with tf.set_shape:

@tf.function
def load_image(filename):
  raw = tf.io.read_file(filename)
  image = tf.image.decode_png(raw, channels=3)
  # the `print` executes during tracing.
  print("Initial shape: ", image.shape)
  image.set_shape([28, 28, 3])
  print("Final shape: ", image.shape)
  return image

Trace the function, see the Concrete Functions Guide for details.

cf = load_image.get_concrete_function(
    tf.TensorSpec([], dtype=tf.string))
Initial shape:  (None, None, 3)
Final shape: (28, 28, 3)

Similarly the tf.io.parse_tensor function could return a tensor with any shape, even the tf.rank is unknown. If you know that all your serialized tensors will be 2d, set it with set_shape:

@tf.function
def my_parse(string_tensor):
  result = tf.io.parse_tensor(string_tensor, out_type=tf.float32)
  # the `print` executes during tracing.
  print("Initial shape: ", result.shape)
  result.set_shape([None, None])
  print("Final shape: ", result.shape)
  return result

Trace the function

concrete_parse = my_parse.get_concrete_function(
    tf.TensorSpec([], dtype=tf.string))
Initial shape:  <unknown>
Final shape:  (None, None)

Make sure it works:

t = tf.ones([5,3], dtype=tf.float32)
serialized = tf.io.serialize_tensor(t)
print(serialized.dtype)
<dtype: 'string'>
print(serialized.shape)
()
t2 = concrete_parse(serialized)
print(t2.shape)
(5, 3)

# Serialize a rank-3 tensor
t = tf.ones([5,5,5], dtype=tf.float32)
serialized = tf.io.serialize_tensor(t)
# The function still runs, even though it `set_shape([None,None])`
t2 = concrete_parse(serialized)
print(t2.shape)
(5, 5, 5)

__abs__

View source

__abs__(
    name=None
)

Computes the absolute value of a tensor.

Given a tensor of integer or floating-point values, this operation returns a tensor of the same type, where each element contains the absolute value of the corresponding element in the input.

Given a tensor x of complex numbers, this operation returns a tensor of type float32 or float64 that is the absolute value of each element in x. For a complex number \(a + bj\), its absolute value is computed as \(\sqrt{a^2 + b^2}\).

For example:

# real number
x = tf.constant([-2.25, 3.25])
tf.abs(x)
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2,), dtype=float32,
numpy=array([2.25, 3.25], dtype=float32)>

# complex number
x = tf.constant([[-2.25 + 4.75j], [-3.25 + 5.75j]])
tf.abs(x)
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 1), dtype=float64, numpy=
array([[5.25594901],
       [6.60492241]])>

__add__

View source

__add__(
    y
)

The operation invoked by the Tensor.add operator.

Purpose in the API:

This method is exposed in TensorFlow's API so that library developers
can register dispatching for <a href="../tf/Tensor#__add__"><code>Tensor.__add__</code></a> to allow it to handle
custom composite tensors & other custom objects.

The API symbol is not intended to be called by users directly and does
appear in TensorFlow's generated documentation.

__and__

View source

__and__(
    y
)

__array__

View source

__array__(
    dtype=None
)

__bool__

View source

__bool__()

Dummy method to prevent a tensor from being used as a Python bool.

This overload raises a TypeError when the user inadvertently treats a Tensor as a boolean (most commonly in an if or while statement), in code that was not converted by AutoGraph. For example:

if tf.constant(True):  # Will raise.
  # ...

if tf.constant(5) < tf.constant(7):  # Will raise.
  # ...

__div__

View source

__div__(
    y
)

Divides x / y elementwise (using Python 2 division operator semantics). (deprecated)

This function divides x and y, forcing Python 2 semantics. That is, if x and y are both integers then the result will be an integer. This is in contrast to Python 3, where division with / is always a float while division with // is always an integer.

__eq__

View source

__eq__(
    other
)

The operation invoked by the Tensor.eq operator.

Compares two tensors element-wise for equality if they are broadcast-compatible; or returns False if they are not broadcast-compatible. (Note that this behavior differs from tf.math.equal, which raises an exception if the two tensors are not broadcast-compatible.)

__floordiv__

View source

__floordiv__(
    y
)

Divides x / y elementwise, rounding toward the most negative integer.

The same as tf.compat.v1.div(x,y) for integers, but uses tf.floor(tf.compat.v1.div(x,y)) for floating point arguments so that the result is always an integer (though possibly an integer represented as floating point). This op is generated by x // y floor division in Python 3 and in Python 2.7 with from __future__ import division.

x and y must have the same type, and the result will have the same type as well.

__ge__

__ge__(
    y, name=None
)

Returns the truth value of (x >= y) element-wise.

Example:

x = tf.constant([5, 4, 6, 7])
y = tf.constant([5, 2, 5, 10])
tf.math.greater_equal(x, y) ==> [True, True, True, False]

x = tf.constant([5, 4, 6, 7])
y = tf.constant([5])
tf.math.greater_equal(x, y) ==> [True, False, True, True]

__getitem__

View source

__getitem__(
    slice_spec, var=None
)

Overload for Tensor.getitem.

This operation extracts the specified region from the tensor. The notation is similar to NumPy with the restriction that currently only support basic indexing. That means that using a non-scalar tensor as input is not currently allowed.

Some useful examples:

# Strip leading and trailing 2 elements
foo = tf.constant([1,2,3,4,5,6])
print(foo[2:-2].eval())  # => [3,4]

# Skip every other row and reverse the order of the columns
foo = tf.constant([[1,2,3], [4,5,6], [7,8,9]])
print(foo[::2,::-1].eval())  # => [[3,2,1], [9,8,7]]

# Use scalar tensors as indices on both dimensions
print(foo[tf.constant(0), tf.constant(2)].eval())  # => 3

# Insert another dimension
foo = tf.constant([[1,2,3], [4,5,6], [7,8,9]])
print(foo[tf.newaxis, :, :].eval()) # => [[[1,2,3], [4,5,6], [7,8,9]]]
print(foo[:, tf.newaxis, :].eval()) # => [[[1,2,3]], [[4,5,6]], [[7,8,9]]]
print(foo[:, :, tf.newaxis].eval()) # => [[[1],[2],[3]], [[4],[5],[6]],
[[7],[8],[9]]]

# Ellipses (3 equivalent operations)
foo = tf.constant([[1,2,3], [4,5,6], [7,8,9]])
print(foo[tf.newaxis, :, :].eval())  # => [[[1,2,3], [4,5,6], [7,8,9]]]
print(foo[tf.newaxis, ...].eval())  # => [[[1,2,3], [4,5,6], [7,8,9]]]
print(foo[tf.newaxis].eval())  # => [[[1,2,3], [4,5,6], [7,8,9]]]

# Masks
foo = tf.constant([[1,2,3], [4,5,6], [7,8,9]])
print(foo[foo > 2].eval())  # => [3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

__gt__

__gt__(
    y, name=None
)

Returns the truth value of (x > y) element-wise.

Example:

x = tf.constant([5, 4, 6])
y = tf.constant([5, 2, 5])
tf.math.greater(x, y) ==> [False, True, True]

x = tf.constant([5, 4, 6])
y = tf.constant([5])
tf.math.greater(x, y) ==> [False, False, True]

__invert__

View source

__invert__(
    name=None
)

__iter__

View source

__iter__()

__le__

__le__(
    y, name=None
)

Returns the truth value of (x <= y) element-wise.

Example:

x = tf.constant([5, 4, 6])
y = tf.constant([5])
tf.math.less_equal(x, y) ==> [True, True, False]

x = tf.constant([5, 4, 6])
y = tf.constant([5, 6, 6])
tf.math.less_equal(x, y) ==> [True, True, True]

__len__

View source

__len__()

__lt__

__lt__(
    y, name=None
)

Returns the truth value of (x < y) element-wise.

Example:

x = tf.constant([5, 4, 6])
y = tf.constant([5])
tf.math.less(x, y) ==> [False, True, False]

x = tf.constant([5, 4, 6])
y = tf.constant([5, 6, 7])
tf.math.less(x, y) ==> [False, True, True]

__matmul__

View source

__matmul__(
    y
)

Multiplies matrix a by matrix b, producing a * b.

The inputs must, following any transpositions, be tensors of rank >= 2 where the inner 2 dimensions specify valid matrix multiplication dimensions, and any further outer dimensions specify matching batch size.

Both matrices must be of the same type. The supported types are: bfloat16, float16, float32, float64, int32, int64, complex64, complex128.

Either matrix can be transposed or adjointed (conjugated and transposed) on the fly by setting one of the corresponding flag to True. These are False by default.

If one or both of the matrices contain a lot of zeros, a more efficient multiplication algorithm can be used by setting the corresponding a_is_sparse or b_is_sparse flag to True. These are False by default. This optimization is only available for plain matrices (rank-2 tensors) with datatypes bfloat16 or float32.

A simple 2-D tensor matrix multiplication:

a = tf.constant([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], shape=[2, 3])
a  # 2-D tensor
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 3), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[1, 2, 3],
       [4, 5, 6]], dtype=int32)>
b = tf.constant([7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12], shape=[3, 2])
b  # 2-D tensor
<tf.Tensor: shape=(3, 2), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[ 7,  8],
       [ 9, 10],
       [11, 12]], dtype=int32)>
c = tf.matmul(a, b)
c  # `a` * `b`
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 2), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[ 58,  64],
       [139, 154]], dtype=int32)>

A batch matrix multiplication with batch shape [2]:

a = tf.constant(np.arange(1, 13, dtype=np.int32), shape=[2, 2, 3])
a  # 3-D tensor
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 2, 3), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[[ 1,  2,  3],
        [ 4,  5,  6]],
       [[ 7,  8,  9],
        [10, 11, 12]]], dtype=int32)>
b = tf.constant(np.arange(13, 25, dtype=np.int32), shape=[2, 3, 2])
b  # 3-D tensor
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 3, 2), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[[13, 14],
        [15, 16],
        [17, 18]],
       [[19, 20],
        [21, 22],
        [23, 24]]], dtype=int32)>
c = tf.matmul(a, b)
c  # `a` * `b`
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 2, 2), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[[ 94, 100],
        [229, 244]],
       [[508, 532],
        [697, 730]]], dtype=int32)>

Since python >= 3.5 the @ operator is supported (see PEP 465). In TensorFlow, it simply calls the tf.matmul() function, so the following lines are equivalent:

d = a @ b @ [[10], [11]]
d = tf.matmul(tf.matmul(a, b), [[10], [11]])

__mod__

View source

__mod__(
    y
)

Returns element-wise remainder of division. When x < 0 xor y < 0 is

true, this follows Python semantics in that the result here is consistent with a flooring divide. E.g. floor(x / y) * y + mod(x, y) = x.

__mul__

View source

__mul__(
    y
)

Dispatches cwise mul for "DenseDense" and "DenseSparse".

__ne__

View source

__ne__(
    other
)

The operation invoked by the Tensor.ne operator.

Compares two tensors element-wise for inequality if they are broadcast-compatible; or returns True if they are not broadcast-compatible. (Note that this behavior differs from tf.math.not_equal, which raises an exception if the two tensors are not broadcast-compatible.)

__neg__

__neg__(
    name=None
)

Computes numerical negative value element-wise.

I.e., \(y = -x\).

__nonzero__

View source

__nonzero__()

Dummy method to prevent a tensor from being used as a Python bool.

This is the Python 2.x counterpart to __bool__() above.

__or__

View source

__or__(
    y
)

__pow__

View source

__pow__(
    y
)

Computes the power of one value to another.

Given a tensor x and a tensor y, this operation computes \(x^y\) for corresponding elements in x and y. For example:

x = tf.constant([[2, 2], [3, 3]])
y = tf.constant([[8, 16], [2, 3]])
tf.pow(x, y)  # [[256, 65536], [9, 27]]

__radd__

View source

__radd__(
    x
)

The operation invoked by the Tensor.add operator.

Purpose in the API:

This method is exposed in TensorFlow's API so that library developers
can register dispatching for <a href="../tf/Tensor#__add__"><code>Tensor.__add__</code></a> to allow it to handle
custom composite tensors & other custom objects.

The API symbol is not intended to be called by users directly and does
appear in TensorFlow's generated documentation.

__rand__

View source

__rand__(
    x
)

__rdiv__

View source

__rdiv__(
    x
)

Divides x / y elementwise (using Python 2 division operator semantics). (deprecated)

This function divides x and y, forcing Python 2 semantics. That is, if x and y are both integers then the result will be an integer. This is in contrast to Python 3, where division with / is always a float while division with // is always an integer.

__rfloordiv__

View source

__rfloordiv__(
    x
)

Divides x / y elementwise, rounding toward the most negative integer.

The same as tf.compat.v1.div(x,y) for integers, but uses tf.floor(tf.compat.v1.div(x,y)) for floating point arguments so that the result is always an integer (though possibly an integer represented as floating point). This op is generated by x // y floor division in Python 3 and in Python 2.7 with from __future__ import division.

x and y must have the same type, and the result will have the same type as well.

__rmatmul__

View source

__rmatmul__(
    x
)

Multiplies matrix a by matrix b, producing a * b.

The inputs must, following any transpositions, be tensors of rank >= 2 where the inner 2 dimensions specify valid matrix multiplication dimensions, and any further outer dimensions specify matching batch size.

Both matrices must be of the same type. The supported types are: bfloat16, float16, float32, float64, int32, int64, complex64, complex128.

Either matrix can be transposed or adjointed (conjugated and transposed) on the fly by setting one of the corresponding flag to True. These are False by default.

If one or both of the matrices contain a lot of zeros, a more efficient multiplication algorithm can be used by setting the corresponding a_is_sparse or b_is_sparse flag to True. These are False by default. This optimization is only available for plain matrices (rank-2 tensors) with datatypes bfloat16 or float32.

A simple 2-D tensor matrix multiplication:

a = tf.constant([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], shape=[2, 3])
a  # 2-D tensor
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 3), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[1, 2, 3],
       [4, 5, 6]], dtype=int32)>
b = tf.constant([7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12], shape=[3, 2])
b  # 2-D tensor
<tf.Tensor: shape=(3, 2), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[ 7,  8],
       [ 9, 10],
       [11, 12]], dtype=int32)>
c = tf.matmul(a, b)
c  # `a` * `b`
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 2), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[ 58,  64],
       [139, 154]], dtype=int32)>

A batch matrix multiplication with batch shape [2]:

a = tf.constant(np.arange(1, 13, dtype=np.int32), shape=[2, 2, 3])
a  # 3-D tensor
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 2, 3), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[[ 1,  2,  3],
        [ 4,  5,  6]],
       [[ 7,  8,  9],
        [10, 11, 12]]], dtype=int32)>
b = tf.constant(np.arange(13, 25, dtype=np.int32), shape=[2, 3, 2])
b  # 3-D tensor
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 3, 2), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[[13, 14],
        [15, 16],
        [17, 18]],
       [[19, 20],
        [21, 22],
        [23, 24]]], dtype=int32)>
c = tf.matmul(a, b)
c  # `a` * `b`
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 2, 2), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[[ 94, 100],
        [229, 244]],
       [[508, 532],
        [697, 730]]], dtype=int32)>

Since python >= 3.5 the @ operator is supported (see PEP 465). In TensorFlow, it simply calls the tf.matmul() function, so the following lines are equivalent:

d = a @ b @ [[10], [11]]
d = tf.matmul(tf.matmul(a, b), [[10], [11]])

__rmod__

View source

__rmod__(
    x
)

Returns element-wise remainder of division. When x < 0 xor y < 0 is

true, this follows Python semantics in that the result here is consistent with a flooring divide. E.g. floor(x / y) * y + mod(x, y) = x.

__rmul__

View source

__rmul__(
    x
)

Dispatches cwise mul for "DenseDense" and "DenseSparse".

__ror__

View source

__ror__(
    x
)

__rpow__

View source

__rpow__(
    x
)

Computes the power of one value to another.

Given a tensor x and a tensor y, this operation computes \(x^y\) for corresponding elements in x and y. For example:

x = tf.constant([[2, 2], [3, 3]])
y = tf.constant([[8, 16], [2, 3]])
tf.pow(x, y)  # [[256, 65536], [9, 27]]

__rsub__

View source

__rsub__(
    x
)

Returns x - y element-wise.

Both input and output have a range (-inf, inf).

Example usages below.

Subtract operation between an array and a scalar:

x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
y = 1
tf.subtract(x, y)
<tf.Tensor: shape=(5,), dtype=int32, numpy=array([0, 1, 2, 3, 4], dtype=int32)>
tf.subtract(y, x)
<tf.Tensor: shape=(5,), dtype=int32,
numpy=array([ 0, -1, -2, -3, -4], dtype=int32)>

Note that binary - operator can be used instead:

x = tf.convert_to_tensor([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
y = tf.convert_to_tensor(1)
x - y
<tf.Tensor: shape=(5,), dtype=int32, numpy=array([0, 1, 2, 3, 4], dtype=int32)>

Subtract operation between an array and a tensor of same shape:

x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
y = tf.constant([5, 4, 3, 2, 1])
tf.subtract(y, x)
<tf.Tensor: shape=(5,), dtype=int32,
numpy=array([ 4,  2,  0, -2, -4], dtype=int32)>

For example,

x = tf.constant([1, 2], dtype=tf.int8)
y = [2**8 + 1, 2**8 + 2]
tf.subtract(x, y)
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2,), dtype=int8, numpy=array([0, 0], dtype=int8)>

When subtracting two input values of different shapes, tf.subtract follows the general broadcasting rules . The two input array shapes are compared element-wise. Starting with the trailing dimensions, the two dimensions either have to be equal or one of them needs to be 1.

For example,

x = np.ones(6).reshape(2, 3, 1)
y = np.ones(6).reshape(2, 1, 3)
tf.subtract(x, y)
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 3, 3), dtype=float64, numpy=
array([[[0., 0., 0.],
        [0., 0., 0.],
        [0., 0., 0.]],
       [[0., 0., 0.],
        [0., 0., 0.],
        [0., 0., 0.]]])>

Example with inputs of different dimensions:

x = np.ones(6).reshape(2, 3, 1)
y = np.ones(6).reshape(1, 6)
tf.subtract(x, y)
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 3, 6), dtype=float64, numpy=
array([[[0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0.],
        [0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0.],
        [0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0.]],
       [[0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0.],
        [0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0.],
        [0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0.]]])>

__rtruediv__

View source

__rtruediv__(
    x
)

Divides x / y elementwise (using Python 3 division operator semantics).

This function forces Python 3 division operator semantics where all integer arguments are cast to floating types first. This op is generated by normal x / y division in Python 3 and in Python 2.7 with from __future__ import division. If you want integer division that rounds down, use x // y or tf.math.floordiv.

x and y must have the same numeric type. If the inputs are floating point, the output will have the same type. If the inputs are integral, the inputs are cast to float32 for int8 and int16 and float64 for int32 and int64 (matching the behavior of Numpy).

__rxor__

View source

__rxor__(
    x
)

__sub__

View source

__sub__(
    y
)

Returns x - y element-wise.

Both input and output have a range (-inf, inf).

Example usages below.

Subtract operation between an array and a scalar:

x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
y = 1
tf.subtract(x, y)
<tf.Tensor: shape=(5,), dtype=int32, numpy=array([0, 1, 2, 3, 4], dtype=int32)>
tf.subtract(y, x)
<tf.Tensor: shape=(5,), dtype=int32,
numpy=array([ 0, -1, -2, -3, -4], dtype=int32)>

Note that binary - operator can be used instead:

x = tf.convert_to_tensor([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
y = tf.convert_to_tensor(1)
x - y
<tf.Tensor: shape=(5,), dtype=int32, numpy=array([0, 1, 2, 3, 4], dtype=int32)>

Subtract operation between an array and a tensor of same shape:

x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
y = tf.constant([5, 4, 3, 2, 1])
tf.subtract(y, x)
<tf.Tensor: shape=(5,), dtype=int32,
numpy=array([ 4,  2,  0, -2, -4], dtype=int32)>

For example,

x = tf.constant([1, 2], dtype=tf.int8)
y = [2**8 + 1, 2**8 + 2]
tf.subtract(x, y)
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2,), dtype=int8, numpy=array([0, 0], dtype=int8)>

When subtracting two input values of different shapes, tf.subtract follows the general broadcasting rules . The two input array shapes are compared element-wise. Starting with the trailing dimensions, the two dimensions either have to be equal or one of them needs to be 1.

For example,

x = np.ones(6).reshape(2, 3, 1)
y = np.ones(6).reshape(2, 1, 3)
tf.subtract(x, y)
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 3, 3), dtype=float64, numpy=
array([[[0., 0., 0.],
        [0., 0., 0.],
        [0., 0., 0.]],
       [[0., 0., 0.],
        [0., 0., 0.],
        [0., 0., 0.]]])>

Example with inputs of different dimensions:

x = np.ones(6).reshape(2, 3, 1)
y = np.ones(6).reshape(1, 6)
tf.subtract(x, y)
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 3, 6), dtype=float64, numpy=
array([[[0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0.],
        [0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0.],
        [0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0.]],
       [[0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0.],
        [0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0.],
        [0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0.]]])>

__truediv__

View source

__truediv__(
    y
)

Divides x / y elementwise (using Python 3 division operator semantics).

This function forces Python 3 division operator semantics where all integer arguments are cast to floating types first. This op is generated by normal x / y division in Python 3 and in Python 2.7 with from __future__ import division. If you want integer division that rounds down, use x // y or tf.math.floordiv.

x and y must have the same numeric type. If the inputs are floating point, the output will have the same type. If the inputs are integral, the inputs are cast to float32 for int8 and int16 and float64 for int32 and int64 (matching the behavior of Numpy).

__xor__

View source

__xor__(
    y
)

{
 '__abs__',
 '__add__',
 '__and__',
 '__div__',
 '__eq__',
 '__floordiv__',
 '__ge__',
 '__getitem__',
 '__gt__',
 '__invert__',
 '__le__',
 '__lt__',
 '__matmul__',
 '__mod__',
 '__mul__',
 '__ne__',
 '__neg__',
 '__or__',
 '__pow__',
 '__radd__',
 '__rand__',
 '__rdiv__',
 '__rfloordiv__',
 '__rmatmul__',
 '__rmod__',
 '__rmul__',
 '__ror__',
 '__rpow__',
 '__rsub__',
 '__rtruediv__',
 '__rxor__',
 '__sub__',
 '__truediv__',
 '__xor__'
}